Pipeline insulation
Water pipelines must be insulated, when they can't be laid below the frost penetration depth. The reasons for shallow burial may include conflicts with other utilities, operational reasons, change of grade, high level of ground waters, and high cost of explosive works in the presence of very hard rock. The quantity and insulation configuration will depend on several factors, such as environmental conditions, the laying depth, width of the trench, type of the soil, humidity, water temperature and the speed of the stream in the pipeline.
When choosing insulation material durability should be taken into consideration. For example, known limitation of the application of plastic foam isolation is the decay with the lapse of time. The basic advantage of the use of cellular concrete is the simplicity and speed of building, greater strength, no need to provide flat surface in the trench, the excellent thermal insulation, water resistance.
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